ABSTRACT
Paraquat, a highly toxic herbicide, accounts for a substantial number of poisoning-related fatalities, primarily prevalent in agricultural regions. The ingestion gives rise to severe complications affecting various organs, including the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver. This report details the case of an 18-year-old male who had been using cannabis for a year and inadvertently ingested paraquat. He presented at the emergency room exhibiting symptoms of vomiting characterized by hematemesis and regurgitated food particles, along with heartburn, dysphagia and reduced urine output. Given the absence of a specific antidote, the prognosis for paraquat poisoning remains generally unfavourable. Diagnosis relies on circumstantial evidence and clinical manifestations, necessitating a focus on supportive care. Presently, no specific antidote for paraquat poisoning is available. Efforts should concentrate on preventive measures, efficient decontamination strategies and vigilant stabilization protocols in instances of exposure.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Medulloblastoma, a highly malignant embryonal tumor predominantly found in the pediatric population, typically arises within the cerebellum. This case report holds particular importance due to the rarity of medulloblastoma within the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The distinct anatomical challenge posed by the CPA complex neurovascular structures, along with the absence of pathognomonic clinical or radiographic features, highlights the unique diagnostic and management challenge of this case. Case presentation: A 5-year-old boy presented with mild, progressively worsening headaches on CT/MRI imaging, which revealed a solid mass in the left CPA. Radiologically, the lesion closely resembled a CPA meningioma. The patient underwent a left retrosigmoid suboccipital craniectomy, utilizing a modified park bench position and careful burrhole creation. Intraoperatively, the tumor exhibited well-defined margins, firm adherence to cranial nerves, and complex tissue characteristics. Postoperatively, histopathological analysis identified nodular medulloblastoma, WHO grade IV, with immunohistochemical markers confirming its subtype. Discussion: This case highlights the critical role of surgical intervention in addressing rare tumors, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in both diagnosis and management to achieve a favorable outcome. Uncommon tumor locations, such as the CPA, require tailored approaches, and the utilization of advanced diagnostic techniques, including immunohistochemistry, aids in accurate subtype classification. Conclusion: This case highlights the critical role of surgical intervention in addressing rare tumors, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in both diagnosis and management to achieve a favorable outcome.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lymphangioma is a malformation of the lymphatic system. It is a rare occurrence in adults. The exact etiology of the disease is unclear but it is expected to be either congenital or due to obstruction and retention of lymph in developing lymphatic vessels. Case Description: We report a case of Parotid Lymphangioma in a 35-year-old male who presented to ENT OPD with painless right infraauricular swelling for 1 year which was insidious in onset and progressive in nature. Investigation: FNAC of the right parotid lump, USG of the parotid and neck, CT scan, and MRI of the neck were done which demonstrated the lesion and helped in the diagnosis. Treatment: The lesion was surgically excised under general anesthesia. Outcome and Follow up: After the surgery, the patient was given IV antibiotics for 7 days and then discharged by prescribing Cefixime, Mupirocin, Pantop, Flexon, and eye drops. There was mouth deviation to the left side and incomplete closure of the right eye. However, the follow-up was uneventful with normal mouth and eye closure. Conclusion: Parotid Lymphangioma must be diagnosed and treated as early as possible as it may cause complications. Regular follow-up even after the treatment is recommended.
